{"id":1029,"date":"2023-08-31T11:46:43","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T08:46:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alay.com.ua\/classification-of-cable-and-wire-products-and-fire-safety-designations\/"},"modified":"2023-10-03T11:11:01","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T08:11:01","slug":"classification-of-cable-and-wire-products-and-fire-safety-designations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alay.com.ua\/en\/classification-of-cable-and-wire-products-and-fire-safety-designations\/","title":{"rendered":"Classification of cable and wire products and fire safety designations"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today, there are many types of cable and wire products. They differ in their structure, composition, and scope of use.<\/p>\n<p>Cable products are a set of cable products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A cable product (CP) is an electrical product designed to transmit electrical energy, electrical signals, or information, or used to make windings for electrical devices, and is characterized by flexibility.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Cable and wire products are classified into different areas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>depending on the form of energy or signal to be transmitted, are divided into insulated and non-insulated electrical cables and wires and optical cables;<\/li>\n<li>Depending on the presence of armor in the protective coating, cables can be unarmored and armored;<\/li>\n<li>Depending on the rated voltage, cables (wires) are divided into low-voltage (up to and including 1 kV AC and 1.5 kV DC) and high-voltage (over 1 kV AC and 1.5 kV DC).<\/li>\n<li>are divided into inflexible and flexible depending on their flexibility;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Depending on the functional purpose, they are distinguished:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Power cables (wires) &#8211; for the transmission of electrical energy with currents of industrial frequency<\/li>\n<li>Communication cables (wires, cords) &#8211; designed to transmit information signals with currents of different frequencies<\/li>\n<li>Radio frequency cables are used to transmit electromagnetic energy at radio frequencies.<\/li>\n<li>Control cables &#8211; designed for remote control and measurement of electrical and physical parameters<\/li>\n<li>Control cables &#8211; designed for remote control, relay protection and automation<\/li>\n<li>Signaling and interlocking cables &#8211; designed for signaling and interlocking circuits<\/li>\n<li>Installation wires &#8211; for low-voltage distribution networks<\/li>\n<li>Installation wires are used to connect electrical circuits in electrical, radio engineering and other devices<\/li>\n<li>Heating cables (wires) &#8211; with cores of high electrical resistance, designed for heating various objects<\/li>\n<li>Winding wires are intended for the manufacture of windings of electrical devices<\/li>\n<li>Thermocouple cables (wires) &#8211; for the manufacture of thermocouples and the transmission of thermoelectric motive force through them<\/li>\n<li>Elevator cables &#8211; designed to control elevators<\/li>\n<li>Safety system cables are capable of maintaining the integrity of circuits under fire conditions, which are designed to power, monitor parameters and control safety systems (fire protection systems, life support systems, emergency shutdown systems of nuclear reactors, etc.<\/li>\n<li>other special cables and wires.<\/li>\n<li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cables and wires can be used at various facilities. Depending on the field of application, cables (wires) are distinguished as follows: general-purpose cables (wires); special-purpose cables (wires).<\/p>\n<p>The main elements of all types of cables, wires and cords are: current-carrying conductors, insulation of current-carrying conductors, shields, sheaths, and outer coatings.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>A current-carrying core (conductor)<\/strong><\/span> is an element of a cable product designed to carry electric current. The current-carrying conductors of the main types of insulated wires and cables are made of copper, tinned copper or uncoated aluminum wires.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Conductor insulation is an<\/strong><\/span> element of a cable product in the form of a continuous layer of dielectric placed on the surface of a conductor and designed to insulate conductors from contact with each other.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Shield<\/span><\/strong> is an element made of electrically conductive non-magnetic and\/or magnetic material in the form of a cylindrical layer around a conductive or insulated core, group, bundle, the entire core or part of it, or in the form of a separation layer of various configurations.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Sheath<\/strong><\/span> &#8211; a continuous metal or non-metal tube placed outside the core, which is designed to protect it from moisture and other external factors. The material and thickness of the sheath are determined by the design of the cable or wire, its purpose and operating conditions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Protective cover<\/strong><\/span><strong> <\/strong>&#8211; An element applied to the insulation, shield, sheath, or hardened cover of a cable product to provide additional protection against external factors. The protective cover consists of armor, a cushion (placed under the armor) and an outer cover (placed outside the armor).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Given that the cable design includes a current-carrying core that can become an ignition source under certain conditions, it is possible to prevent fire or its development for cable products by using materials with a reduced flammability level as insulation and sheathing.<\/p>\n<p>The development of the national cable industry has made it possible to produce cables that meet fire safety requirements. At the same time, the marking of the CV may contain indices after the main letter designation:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; ng &#8211; do not spread combustion when laid singly and in bundles (during combustion, they emit relatively much smoke containing corrosive and toxic combustion products);<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">LS (low smoke)<\/span> &#8211; reduced smoke and gas emissions during combustion and smoldering;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; HF (halogen free) &#8211; halogen-free; reduced smoke and gas emissions, absence of corrosive products in smoke and gas emissions (halogen-free material does not contain chlorine, bromine, fluorine);<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">FEXXX<\/span> &#8211; fire resistant for the time specified in minutes at a temperature of 750\u2070 C;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8211; <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">EkXX<\/span> &#8211; characterizes the ability to function under standard temperature conditions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>These indices are used in combinations, for example:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; ng-LS (or ng-d, ngd) &#8211; resistant to flame spread in case of single laying and in bundles, with low smoke and gas formation during combustion and smoldering (used in facilities with a massive presence of people);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; ng-HF &#8211; resistant to flame spread in case of single laying and in bundles, with low smoke and gas generation, no corrosive products in smoke and gas emissions (used where it is necessary to exclude the possibility of damage to devices and equipment by gaseous combustion products, for example, at facilities equipped with computers and telecommunications equipment);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">FR-HF<\/span> &#8211; resistant to flame spread in case of single laying and in bundles, characterized by reduced smoke and gas emission, absence of corrosive combustion products, fire-resistant (ensure the functioning of cables in case of fire for the proper time);<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">FEXX\/EkXX<\/span> (e.g. FE180\/Ek30) are fire-resistant cables that provide power to elevators for the transportation of fire units, fire extinguishing systems, air supply systems, smoke exhaust systems, fire pumps, fire warning systems and evacuation control systems.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today, there are many types of cable and wire products. They differ in their structure, composition, and scope of use. Cable products are a set of cable products. &nbsp; A cable product (CP) is an electrical product designed to transmit electrical energy, electrical signals, or information, or used to make windings for electrical devices, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bez-kategoriyi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Classification of cable and wire products and fire safety designations - ALAY<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ALAY - Classification of cable and wire products and fire safety designations\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alay.com.ua\/en\/classification-of-cable-and-wire-products-and-fire-safety-designations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Classification of cable and wire products and fire safety designations - 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